RO e-Transport 2026: UIT Code, Who Declares, Fines

RO e-Transport is Romania’s national system for monitoring road transports of goods, operated by ANAF and the Romanian Customs Authority. Before the vehicle moves, the party the law places the duty on declares the transport and receives a UIT code — 16 digits with a check digit that travel with the consignment to its destination. The system was created by Emergency Ordinance 41/2022, and the working procedure by Joint Order ANAF/AVR 1.337/1.268/2024. A transport that falls under the obligation and moves without a valid UIT code is an offence, punished with a fine plus confiscation of the value of the undeclared goods.

This guide covers the decisions a shipper or a haulier makes before the truck leaves: whether the transport is caught, who declares it, by when, and what can still be changed afterwards.

What RO e-Transport actually requires

The system is a national record of goods movements. Whoever is required to declare announces the transport before departure: what goods, how many, from whom, to whom, on which route, in which vehicle, on which day. The answer is a unique transport registration code — the UIT code.

The code is not a filing formality. It must be present on board and shown to inspectors for the whole duration of the transport. At a roadside check or at a border crossing point, a missing code — or a code that does not match the cargo — is what triggers the penalty.

Two separate duties sit under the same name, on different parties. The first is declaring the transport, that is obtaining the UIT code, and it belongs to whoever buys, sells, imports, exports or stores the goods. The second is transmitting positioning data, and it belongs to the transport operator, through the device fitted in the vehicle. A supplier with perfect declarations does not answer for the truck’s GPS; a haulier with a compliant device is still exposed if the code on board is wrong.

Who must declare in RO e-Transport?

The duty follows the operation. It does not follow the nationality of the company, nor who pays for the freight.

One vocabulary note, because it causes daily confusion. What the industry calls the carrier, the ANAF schema calls the transport organizer; there is no field named “carrier” in the declaration. Roles are unpacked in the guide on who must declare in e-Transport.

Which goods are covered, and above which thresholds

Two filters work together: the category of the goods, and the thresholds for mass, value and vehicle.

The first category is high fiscal risk goods, listed in ANAF Order 802/2022. According to analyses published in 2026 by the Romanian specialist press, the list is unchanged this year — no commodity code added, none removed. The categories, with their Combined Nomenclature chapters:

• vegetables, plants, roots and edible tubers — chapter 07;
• edible fruit — chapter 08;
• alcoholic beverages — headings 2201–2208;
• salt, sulphur, earths and stone, gypsum, lime and cement — 2505 and 2517;
• clothing and accessories — chapters 61 and 62;
• other made-up textile articles — chapter 63;
• footwear — chapter 64;
• pig iron, iron and steel — 7213, 7214, 7228 and other headings in chapter 72.

The second category is international transport. Following the 2024 amendments, from 1 July 2024 the obligation covers all goods moved internationally, whatever their commodity code. A truckload of furniture or machine parts from Italy to Bucharest is therefore caught, even though nothing in it appears on the high fiscal risk list.

The word that matters is “or”. The two thresholds are alternatives, and in practice the value threshold catches exactly the light, expensive loads that a weight test would miss. Two examples, both requiring a declaration:

• 300 kg of clothing (chapter 61) worth 40,000 RON excluding VAT — under the mass threshold, over the value threshold;
• 700 kg of apples (chapter 08) worth 6,000 RON — over the mass threshold, under the value threshold.

Three calculation rules apply throughout. Value is taken excluding VAT and, if it is expressed in another currency, converted at the National Bank of Romania rate of the day the declaration is made. In groupage, one UIT code per consignment, not one per truck. In multimodal transport, only the road leg is declared. The full list with commodity codes is in the guide on high fiscal risk goods.

How to get a UIT code, step by step

The route is the same whether you declare one transport a month or a hundred a day. Only the tool changes.

1. Get authorised with ANAF. You need a qualified digital certificate registered in the Virtual Private Space (SPV), for the company you declare for or as its authorised representative. See ANAF authorisation with a digital certificate.
2. Collect the data. Partners with their tax identification numbers, loading and unloading places, goods with commodity code, quantity, unit of measure, gross and net mass, value excluding VAT, registration numbers of the truck and trailer, and the declared start date.
3. Fill in the declaration, at most 3 calendar days before the declared start date.
4. Validate before sending. ANAF publishes the validation rules (the BR-* Schematron rules); a declaration that fails them is rejected without a code.
5. Send it and receive the UIT code — the 16 digits. Examples in these guides are written as UIT-EXEMPLU-0000, deliberately, so they cannot be mistaken for a real code.
6. Check the status of the declaration. This is where most people stop too early.
7. Give the code to the driver, together with the transport documents.

For anyone declaring daily, manual entry becomes the bottleneck. The second route is bulk import from a spreadsheet: the day’s transports turned into declarations in one pass. Field by field, the whole route is in the guide on how to get a UIT code in Romania.

Deadlines: how early to declare, how long the code lasts

Two periods get mixed up, and the mix-up is expensive: the window in which you are allowed to declare, and how long the code you received stays alive.

Validity runs from the declared departure date, not from the day the code was issued. A transport declared on Monday for Thursday has its 5 days from Thursday. And a transport that is not completed in time gets no extension: under art. 3 para. 18 of Joint Order 1.337/1.268/2024, it is invalidated and a new UIT code is obtained for the remaining leg. Every case, including the 15-day period, is set out in the guide on UIT code validity and deadlines.

After the code: corrections, vehicle changes, confirmation, deletion

A declaration has four further messages in its life, each with its own window.

Correction. Under art. 4 of Joint Order 1.337/1.268/2024, within the 3 days before the transport but no later than the moment the vehicle is actually set in motion, the declared data may be changed while keeping the UIT code. A correction does not produce a new code.

Vehicle change. After departure, the only permitted change is the vehicle, sent by the transport organizer. A breakdown, a swapped tractor unit, a different trailer picked up at the warehouse — none of these need a new declaration. See changing the vehicle on a UIT code.

Confirmation. Sent once the transport is completed. Art. 5 of the same order provides a safety net: if you do not confirm before the code expires, the transport is deemed confirmed. An explicit confirmation is still dated proof of delivery.

Deletion. Used when the transport will not take place, or when the declaration is wrong beyond what a correction can fix. The code counts as cancelled only once ANAF accepts the deletion.

Returns have their own rules (art. 3 para. 11–13): goods that were not received travel back on the original UIT code, while a later return of goods that were received is a new consignment with a new code. All four messages, with worked examples, are in the guide on correcting, deleting and confirming a UIT declaration.

Foreign companies: who declares when goods move to or from Romania

For a shipper or haulier established outside Romania, the practical question is not whether the rules apply, but which of the two parties declares. Art. 8–9 of Emergency Ordinance 41/2022 answers it by operation.

On an intra-Community acquisition — goods brought from another Member State for a Romanian buyer — the Romanian buyer declares. The foreign supplier has nothing to file for that leg, but every reason to make sure the declaration exists before the truck reaches the border: without a code on board, it is their vehicle that is stopped. On an intra-Community delivery or an export out of Romania, the Romanian supplier declares.

The foreign haulier, in every scenario, is the transport organizer: responsible for the vehicle, the code on board and the positioning data. In multimodal transport only the road leg is declared, so a container landing in Constanța and continuing by truck enters the system for the road part. Non-resident cases are covered in the guide on foreign carriers and RO e-Transport.

GPS data: what is required, and from whom

This is the most common misunderstanding, and the honest answer is that declaration software cannot solve it.

Transmitting vehicle positioning data to the ANAF system is the duty of the transport operator, through the device fitted in the vehicle or the application the operator provides to the driver. It is not the duty of whoever obtains the UIT code, and it is not done from accounting or declaration software. Penalties for this component were deferred by Emergency Ordinance 29/2025 and, according to specialist sources, apply in full from 1 January 2026. What is required and who buys the device is covered in the guide on GPS data in e-Transport.

Fines, confiscation and how to challenge a penalty

According to Emergency Ordinance 41/2022, art. 13–14 as amended in 2024, the amounts are as follows.

On top of the fine comes confiscation of the value of the undeclared goods, often the larger figure: on a load worth 200,000 RON it is several times the maximum fine.

What almost no one explains is what happens next. Romanian offences follow the general regime in Government Ordinance 2/2001:

• The complaint is filed with the district court in whose area the offence took place, within 15 days of the notice being handed over or served. Filing it suspends enforcement.
• Half of the minimum fine may be paid within 15 days of the notice being handed over or served (art. 28 of Government Ordinance 2/2001, extended to all administrative fines by Law 203/2018). It closes the case; it is not combined with a complaint.
• Confiscation is not suspended by the complaint the way the fine is. It is a complementary measure, challenged together with the penalty notice.

Fifteen days is short, and the clock starts at service, not at the date of the check. The practical steps are in the guide on fines and appeals.

SPV or software: the two ways to file

There are exactly two routes to a UIT code, and both end at the same ANAF system.

Through the Virtual Private Space (SPV), filling in the form ANAF provides. Free, official, and a reasonable choice for a handful of transports a month — see the guide on declaring in SPV.

Through an application that talks to the ANAF services directly. The difference shows up in volume, in validation before sending, in status tracking, and in the record that survives the 60 days during which ANAF keeps its responses.

The choice is arithmetic. Ten transports a month are manageable by hand. At a hundred, keying errors become the main cost. At a thousand, your own archive is the only defence at an inspection.

Either route can also be handed to an accountant: some Romanian firms, TaxOlia among them, offer e-Transport filing as an outsourced service to companies that would rather not declare in-house.

What UITDesk does

RO e-Transport timeline, 2022–2026

What stays your responsibility

No application decides for you whether the cargo matches the declaration, whether a return counts as received or not received, or whether an operation is an intra-Community acquisition or a domestic movement. Liability for the content of the declaration rests with the party art. 8–9 of Emergency Ordinance 41/2022 obliges to declare. What a tool can do is stop you sending a declaration that will be rejected, tell you when ANAF rejected one anyway, and keep the evidence after ANAF no longer has it.

Official texts: Emergency Ordinance 41/2022 on legislatie.just.ro, the ANAF RO e-Transport Guide 2025 and the technical information published by the Ministry of Finance. All e-Transport guides are grouped in the hub, and subscription limits are on the pricing page.